Theories of development modernisation theory youtube. Overview of modernisation theory proposed by walt rostow for aqa a level sociology specification. Modernity and modernization oxford research encyclopedia of. Society for comparative studies in society and history. Relevancy of the modernization theory in achieving development in the least developed countries like tanzania essay pages. I pulled out the below from wiki, to show briefly, what these two essentially say. There are many similarities and many differences between. Comparison and contrast between modernisation theory and dependency theory.
Dependency theory is the notion that resources flow from a periphery of poor and underdeveloped states to a core of wealthy states, enriching the latter at the expense of the former. Dependency theory a theory that explains global inequalities with respect to historical oppression. According to their point of view these latin american countries should have to go through bourgeois stage of industrial revolution. Modernisation and dependency are two theories that have their own terms for analysinginterpreting the causes of poverty and underdevelopment, and both provide different solutions in order to fix the problems. The following report will attempt to analyze and critique our nations potential options concerning social and fiscal policy and use this information in an attempt to recommend future policy agenda. The international dependency theory is a theory of development economics which states that economic relations between wealthy and poor nations. There is also dependency theory and globalization theory. I highlighted what i think are key points modernization theory is used to explain the p. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in africa essay pages. Dependency theory grew influential in latin america in the 1960s and 1970s, largely in reaction to modernisation theory and free trade policies, which originated in the west. Comparison, contrasts and similarities between the. The marxist theory of imperialism explains dominant state expansion while the dependency theory explains underdevelopment.
Dependency and worldsystems perspectives on development. Nov 01, 2016 if i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. When it comes to a solution to the problem, it is right to say that the contexts of countries are different and the solutions for their economic and development problems should be different. This theory suggested that nationstates pass through similar stages of development on their way to the end point of a mature, industrial society rostow 1960. Difference between modernisation theory and dependency. Stated another way, marxist theories explain the reasons why imperialism occurs, while dependency theories explain the consequences of imperialism. Dependency theory highlights that due to colonial and postcolonial endeavors the countries at the periphery are constantly exploited by those at the core. Modernization and dependency theory essay writing blog. Development theory dependency and world systems theories. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial. But in contrast to the concern for path dependency in modernization theory this shift has reintroduced a universally applicable typology of political authority wherein failure is judged according to an idealtypical weberian form of modern rational authority see for example king and zeng 2001.
To put it more precisely, the modernization theory holds the premise that countries have different level of development but less developed countries can improve their position through modernization. Its main tenet is that the periphery of the international economy is being economically exploited drained. May 14, 20 dependency theory key concepts in international relations series. Modernization theory emphasized internal factors while making an exception of science. How to compare and contrast the modernization theory and the. The following report will attempt to analyze and critique our nations potential options concerning social and fiscal policy and use this information in an attempt to. Fostercarter argues that this disguises the similarities that exist between ldcs and the west. To put it more precisely, the modernization theory holds the premise that countries have different level of development but less developed. Modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Latin american dependency theory global south studies, u. The structural explanation for global stratification is called dependency theory. Comparison, contrasts and similarities between the modernization and the dependency theory introduction with the world growing rapidly all across the globe and the enhanced integration of countries there has been very brisk development in the past six decades. Modernization theory believes that social equality is the result of material growth while dependency theory believes that eth dependent country enhances social inequality which can lead to political authoritarianism modernization theory and dependency theory, 2005. Modernization theory, dependency theory and world systems.
Modernization theory the third world countries have experienced massive variation in the economic development since after the end of second world war. In terms of their specific development in the 1960s onwards, dependency and worldsystems theories emerged in part out of a critique of modernization theory. Dependency theorists sought to explain persistent levels of underdevelopment in latin america by situating national economies within their global. The dependency theory was not solely against the american modernization programs, but it was also echo to the failure of orthodox marxism in latin america. The proponents of modernization theory claimed that underdeveloped countries were. Modernization and dependency theory tutorial sophia learning. Dependency theory dependency theory has been presented as a theory of development that improves modernisation theory reyes, 2001a. Modernization theory has received its fair share of criticism for being eurocentric.
Not surprisingly, this theorys views sharply challenge modernization theorys assumptions packenham, 1992. However, it is necessary to underline that modernization theory views such cooperation and integration as a conscious and voluntary act from the part of developing countries, for which modernization in the western style is the only way to overcome the existing backwardness, while supporters of dependency theory argue that such cooperation and. Modernization theory explains the progress and development of technology in more stable regions of the world. Modernization and dependency theories flashcards quizlet. Modernization, dependency, rural underdevelopment, african renaissance. Modernization theory claimed that once developing societies came into contact with western european and north american societies, they would be impelled toward modernization and, eventually, would achieve the economic, political, and social features characteristic of the nations of western europe and the united states. Two methodological similarities may be noted at the outset. Modernization theory vs dependency theory the path to modernization is one never clearly defined. There are two levels of analysis in classical modernization theory. The focus of this theory is the totality of society and social system periphery, which highlights the. Dependency theory and its close relative, world system theory, emphasized the role of external relationships in the developmental process. Dependency theory key concepts in international relations series. Modernization, modernization theory a term and approach that came into widespread use in the early 1960s, as a consequence of the efforts by a group of development specialists in the united states to develop an alternative to the marxist account of social development.
Difference between modernisation theory and dependency theory. What is the difference between modernization theory and. However, the way modernization theory suggests for. Dependency theory rejects the limited national focus of modernization theory and emphasizes the importance of understanding the complexity of imperialism and its role in shaping postcolonial states. Processes of differentiation in the world society and their explanation, universitat zurich, 1. Modernization versus dependency in the context of colonial bengal. Difference between modernization theory and dependency theory. For example, modernisation theory sees ldcs as backward societies that need our help to develop, whilst dependency theory sees us as exploiting them for cheap labour and raw materials. The discourse assesses the influence of modernization and dependency theories on africas development. Currently, modernization and dependency theories are the two worldwide accepted speculations illuminating the diversification in the economic growth of these countries. Feb 23, 2018 overview of modernisation theory proposed by walt rostow for aqa a level sociology specification.
Modernization theory vs dependency theory while many theorists have numerous explanations towards underdevelopment, experts like david brooks and peter hallward have described the natural disaster in haiti to be brutally destructive primarily due to its poverty. In such a way, the dependency theory is externallyoriented, whereas the modernization theory is internallyoriented. Dependency theory holds that the condition of underdevelopment is precisely the result of the incorporation of the third world economies into the capitalist world system which is dominated by the west and north america randall and theobald 1998, 120, hence in development studies, dependency implies a situation in which a. If i got it right, these two are not exactly contrasting or contradictory. Dependency theorists sharply critique the modernisation school. Beyond latin america chapter iii a theory of underdevelopment in sociology. The conclusion is that both theories have failed to help develop africa. While modernization theorists argue that capitalism is a rewards system and that inequalities have to be tolerated as a result of innovation, dependency theorists argue that capitalism does not develop evenly and is concentrated in core areas and that the development of core countries is linked to the underdevelopment of peripheral countries. In the words of one of the major proponents, historically, modernization is the process of change towards those types of social, economic, and political systems that have developed in. A critical analysis in the changing world situation after the post 1945 era, the development of modernization theory in order to modernise the rest of the world in line with american development is interestingly significant in the history of development studies. Jul 08, 2017 modernization, modernization theory a term and approach that came into widespread use in the early 1960s, as a consequence of the efforts by a group of development specialists in the united states to develop an alternative to the marxist account of social development.
Dependency theory is a mixture of various theories, including world systems theory, historical structure theory, and neomarxist theory. Modernization theory v dependency theory flashcards quizlet. Modernization theory is subject to criticism originating among socialist and freemarket ideologies, worldsystems theorists, globalization theorists and dependency theorists among others. The earliest formulation of dependency theory came up alongside modernisation theory. The dependency theory is an important tool for understanding latin americas relative underdevelopment. The discourse pins hope on the african renaissance theory of development.
Modernization and dependency theory essay example graduateway. Aug 31, 2017 the international dependency theory is a theory of development economics which states that economic relations between wealthy and poor nations are strictly detrimental to the lessdeveloped nations. Underdevelopment is a condition fundamentally different from undevelopment. Modernization theory an overview sciencedirect topics. It is a central contention of dependency theory that poor states are impoverished and rich ones enriched by the way poor states are integrated into the world. Dependency theory, modernization theory, the communication initiative dependency theory. Essay on dependency theory vs modernization theory. Aug 31, 2015 modernization theory and dependency theory are two development theories between which some difference can be identified. Modernization or dependency 72 95 modernization theory and underdevelopment dependency theory and underdevelopment dependency in a specific historical context. Dependency theory vs modernization theory essay 22 words. Dependency theory, modernization theory, the communication initiative dependency theory, the communication initiative site, august 30, 2001. The frankian model of dependency dependency theory.
It combines elements from a neomarxist theory and adopts a revolution of under developed nations model. Modernization theory vs dependency theory 1227 words 5 pages. The latter term simply refers to a condition in which resources are not being used. Modernization theory studies the process of social evolution and the development of. Aug 23, 2008 the most important differences between the modernization theory and the dependency theory, we must first understand what these theories mean. Collectively, these theories contrast modernization. The central propositions of dependency theory there are a number of propositions, all of which are contestable, which form the core of dependency theory. Analysis of the chinese modernization program essay pages.
Relationships with developed countries and particularly with multinational corporations were viewed as. The difference between modernization theory and dependency theory is that one explains how developed states operate and grow, while the other explains the exact opposite. A critique of modernization and dependency theories in africa. Modernization theory is a description and explanation of the processes of transformation from traditional or underdeveloped societies to modern societies.